Ivermectin

70288-86-7 Biological Activity

Description

Ivermectin is a widely used antiparasitic agent in human and veterinary medicine. It is a positive allosteric effector of P2X4 and the α7 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChRs).

Related Catalog

Signaling Pathways >> Autophagy >> Autophagy

Signaling Pathways >> Autophagy >> Mitophagy

Signaling Pathways >> Anti-infection >> Parasite

Research Areas >> Infection

In Vitro

Ivermectin (IVM) is a specific positive allosteric effector of heterologously expressed P2X4 and possibly of heteromeric P2X4/ P2X6 channels. In the submicromolar range (EC50=250 nM) the action of IVM is rapid and reversible, resulting in increased amplitude and slowed deactivation of P2X4 channel currents evoked by ATP. IVM also markedly increases the potency of ATP and that of the normally low-potency agonist a,b-methylene-ATP in a use- and voltage-independent manner without changing the ion selectivity of P2X4 channels[1]. IVM activates glutamate-gated chloride channels in the nerves and muscles of the parasite, leading to membrane hyperpolarization and muscle paralysis. The major mode of action of IVM is most likely the disruption of ingestive activity of the parasite, resulting in starvation[2]. Preapplication of ivermectin, in the micromolar range, strongly enhances the subsequent acetylcholine-evoked current of the neuronal chick or human α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors reconstituted in Xenopus laevis oocytes and K-28 cells[3]. Ivermectin activates the rat recombinant α1β2γ2s GABAA receptor. Activation of the channel with 10 mM GABA results in currents rising within 1 ms to their maximal amplitudes. The EC50 value for GABA is 7.5 μM[4].

References

[1]. Khakh BS, et al. Allosteric control of gating and kinetics at P2X(4) receptor channels. J Neurosci. 1999 Sep 1;19(17):7289-99.

[2]. Priel A, et al. Mechanism of ivermectin facilitation of human P2X4 receptor channels. J Gen Physiol. 2004 Mar;123(3):281-93.

[3]. Krause RM, et al. Ivermectin: a positive allosteric effector of the alpha7 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Mol Pharmacol. 1998 Feb;53(2):283-94.

[4]. Adelsberger H, et al. Activation of rat recombinant alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2S) GABA(A) receptor by the insecticide ivermectin. Eur J Pharmacol. 2000 Apr 14;394(2-3):163-70.

70288-86-7 Chemical & Physical Properties

Melting point 

155 °C

Molecular Formula

C48H74O14

Molecular Weight

875.09300

PSA

170.06000

LogP

5.60140

Exact Mass

874.50800

Storage condition

2-8°C

Water Solubility

H2O: ≤1.0% KF